Psychiatric evaluation in the Philippines Essay

1. How would you describe the status of Philippine kind wellness based on prevalence of psychiatric cases released by DOH and the topic Center for mental wellness from 2009-2012? As taken from the report, the WHO identified that stigma, inequality and neglect eat up prevented cover and management from reaching persons with mental disorders .Psychiatric patients in the Philippines are usu ally managed in a mental hospital setting. DOH-commissioned hearty Weather Stations survey found that 0.7 percent of total Filipino househ quondam(a)s have a family member who has a psychological disorder such(prenominal) as depression, schizophrenia, epilepsy, and substance abuse. The status of mental health in the Philippines is to a fault greatly expungeed by psychosocial issues and stress happening in the country such as economic crisis (poverty) and problems in inter face-to-face relationship (family, friends and workplace).Although for at once the status of Filipino mental health is being balanced by our cultural practices, it is with great importance that we recognize that to further decrease the relative incidence of psychiatric cases, we need to seek medical assistance to manage them. The Philippines is a country in which psychiatry is taboo. Despite being a precise modernized and americanized nation for the most fork, plenty of Filipinos still hold onto old traditional and religious beliefs. Psychological disorders are not seen as such, simply are thought of as demonic possessions and the like. The social stigma associated with mental illness is a major cause for non-use of health and psychosocial services by Filipinos.The lack of understanding of mental illness and the importance of mental health among Filipinos is as serious as the lack of a regular and useful database on the prevalence, manifestations, causation and risk factors of mental illness in the country. Thus, in my point of view, although the Philippines has lower number when it comes to ps ychiatric cases than other countries, our approach in handling such cases are still primitive that it would greatly affect the society and dexterity contri furthere to the future increase of such cases.2. rap the DSM-IV-TR in terms of reliability and practicality. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders is used by clinicians and psychiatrists to diagnose psychiatric illnesses. It improved diagnostic objectivity by adding prototypes or decision trees come inlining defining features of disorders, which lead clinicians through sets of questions regarding the aim or absence of symptoms. Mental health providers use the manual to bettor understand a clients potential needs as well as a tool for assessment and diagnosis. The DSM-IV Text fiat is based on five different dimensions.This multiaxial approach allows clinicians and psychiatrists to make a to a greater extent comprehensive evaluation of a clients take of functioning, because mental illnesses often impact many different life areas. I have read some(prenominal) reviews almost this system and there has been charges that DSM criteria and categories have little lapse when it comes to reliability and validity of its diagnoses. Some even suggested far-flung concerns that DSM diagnostic categories lack clinical, research, and educational utility and that they are misused in a variety of contexts. As I was browsing the net I found two studies that used to describe the reliability and validity of the DSM-IV TR Hoffmann (2002)Hoffmann study prison inmates to look at diagnoses of alcohol abuse, alcohol dependency and cocaine dependency, to see if differences would occur in a computer-prompted structured interview, compared to the DSM-IV-TR criteria. It was found that the DSM-IV-TR diagnosis was valid and that the interview data supported the idea that dependence was more a severe syndrome than abuse. The symptoms from the automated interview matched those of the DSM criteria.Lee (2006) Lee canvass the DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder to see if it would be suitable for Korean children, and looked at gender differences in the features of ADHD in the DSM. The DSM lists eighteen criteria for ADHD tie in to childrens behavior. In total, 48 primary school teachers rated the behavior of 1,663 children (904 of which were boys, the rest girls) apply a questionnaire. Lee looked for concurrent validity by canvas the DSM-IV-TR criteria with criteria arising from the questionnaire, and compared DSM behavioral and psychological characteristics with those found in an ADHD test. Previous studies had showed that ADHD children had oppositional deficit disorder, ODD, as well, having problems with peers and discipline.Lee decided that finding the uniform correlation would support the diagnosis and show the DSM to be a valid tool. The same relationship was observed, and so it was said that the DSM-IV-TR had concurrent validity. Also found it to be re liable, as the correlation could check for similar diagnoses. However, the study found that for girls, the DSM-IV-TR symptoms and diagnoses were little compatible than they were for boys, which was a weakness found with the DSM as a diagnostic tool. When it comes to practicality, the DSM-IV TR provides readily available diagnoses that helps clinicians to plan a treatment to patients since the DSM-IV is a level miscellanea system.To be reliable as a diagnostic classification system, there would have to be consistency with the DSM. This means that the DSM is reliable if the clinicians using it consistently arrive at the same diagnoses as each other. grimness is the extent to which a measure of a psychological variable measures what it sets out to measure. Essentially this means the correct variable (in clinical psychology, this variable leave alone be a mental disorder) is measured, by arriving at the correct diagnosis. complimentary to say, if the DSM were not reliable, it would not be valid both. This is because if it is unreliable it means incongruous diagnoses are made, and so it mustiness not be valid either as surely the correct diagnosis is being made.3. With the patients decline to silence, what are the advantages and disadvantages of observing such in good order in a psychiatric setting?Privacy is defined in terms of a person having attend over the extent, timing, and circumstances of sharing oneself physically, behaviorally or intellectually with others. Psychiatric patients have unique needs and quite often several issues are at stake. Although we handle these patients with a specialized form of care, all of them have all the same rights. One of the most important right is the right to privacy. Advocating a patients right is one of the basics of nursing. The reserve must safeguard the patients right to privacy. This does not only mean the right to be left alone but more importantly avoiding unwanted intrusion into the patients life.The nu rse advocates for an environment that provides for sufficient physical privacy, including auditory privacy for discussions of a personal nature and policies and practices that protect the confidentiality of knowledge. Maintaining the privacy of a psychiatric patient and practicing confidentiality has a lot of advantages. It helps establish trust between a health care provider and the patient, whereas he feels respected thus gathering needed information regarding the patients status, including needs and concerns becomes easy. It also helps to reduces worry on the part of the patient and maintains his dignity.Therefore it could give the patient a sense of control and promotes autonomy. Moreover every freedom should also have its limitation. When we talk about privacy in the psychiatric setting, in times where patients lack the expertness to make decisions for themselves, their best interests should be considered during the treatment. Any treatment should be the least(prenominal) in trusive option for the patient. A patients right to privacy may be limited in situations where a person must be continuously observed, such as when restrained or in seclusion when immediate and serious risk to harm self (such as when the patient is under suicide precautions or special observation status) or others exists.Although this advocates for the safety of the patients in the hospital, some patients may find this experience enigmatic or upsetting. Furthermore, in practicing their right to access their records, some psychiatric patients might become more worried and pessimistic after reading their records peculiarly if they are not responding well to treatments. And also in case of free hospitalization (which is usually justified by patients imminent dangerousness to themselves or others, or their inability to meet basic needs) patients feel their privacy is being violated.In acknowledgement of the seriousness of depriving a patient of freedom in an unwilled commitment, the involuntary patient could insist his right to privacy and might protect key information about his status that may contribute to his treatment. The patients rights specially regarding his privacy has its advantages and limitations which may result to various effects on his well-being. Health care providers should consider privacy a basic human right and confidentiality a professional obligation.