Corporations and How They Have Changed From the Beginning of the Research Paper

Corporations and How They Have Changed From the Beginning of the Twentieth Century Until Now - Research Paper Example Lastly, the paper will explore when people should demand the government aid to rebuke or persuade activities of corporations. Introduction The American economy underwent significant maturity during the twentieth century. The changes in the economy were accompanied with the emergence of numerous corporations. Technocrats emerged and replaced business barons; high salaried managers became the executives in these corporations. As a result of the rising number of corporations, organized labor movement emerged. Moreover, the technological developments witnessed during the 1980s and 1990s brought with it a new culture of entrepreneurship that gave rise to tycoons (Drehle 48). With globalization, corporations had the opportunity to expand their operations to international borders. As such, companies opened foreign branches that helped to increase profitability and gain a large customer base. Discussion Through subsidies, special taxes, and special protocols, the federal government significa ntly contributes to the protection of corporations. Tax subsidies emanate from selective tax legislation aimed at benefiting some industries in the economy. The industries that reap maximum benefits from tax subsidies include corporations. Subsidies enhance the corporations to increase their returns in the market where they operate. Tax subsidies may be applied in a number of variables in a Corporation. For example, the federal government can decide to offer subsidies in terms of labor or land (Drehle 50). Special taxes and subsidies may take the form of general investment tax credits that may be made available to corporations. For example, the federal government can decide to favor productive methods that are capital-based. In its view, the federal government argues that tax subsidies play an essential role in promoting economic growth and economic stability. The federal government should make concerted efforts to develop, promote, and foster international and domestic trade by off ering subsidies to corporations (Drehle 51). As a result, trade barriers will be removed and this promotes free trade in the American economy. The reduction of trade restrictions benefits the entire economy since some trade rules hinder economic development. Tax reductions and offering of subsidies to corporations can be justified; therefore, the federal government has an obligation to subsidize corporations. Subsidies and reduction in taxes mean that the corporations will have an opportunity to manufacture goods in large quantities. Therefore, corporations will sell goods to consumers at reduced prices. As such, consumer exploitation by middlemen and businesses will be minimized. Thus, it can be concluded that distinct taxes on corporations serves to protect consumers from buying goods at extremely high prices (Drehle 51). Through the use of subsidies and tax reduction, the government guards the corporations against quiting the industries in which they operate. Some economic activi ties would not take place in the absence of subsidies and special taxes. Therefore, subsidies protect the business and normally lead to low imports and high exports (Drehle 52). The benefits of subsidies on businesses extend to employees working in these corporations. As a result of subsidies, corporations can pay their employees high wages. Consequently, the government will get high revenue from taxation of individual income. The federal gove

Evolution Of The Video Essay Example for Free

Evolution Of The Video Essay Abstract The ubiquitous development of technology and computers has changed the way people live, work, play and interact. The profile of business has also changed dramatically throughout the years. With the development of faster bandwidths, videos were also introduced as part of the myriad of services that cyberspace had to offer to its growing patrons. Raynovich (2005) wrote that the video is slowly migrating into cyberspace to cater to the more sophisticated demands of the tech savvy. Several technological innovations in the video-Internet interface are streaming, Internet TV, video conferencing and online gaming. The interface between the Internet and video is inexorable as customers demand better quality and easy access to the medium. The development of the video on the Internet is still in constant flux. The current video Internet protocol still needs more time to evolve. It is apparent that video on the Internet is the wave of the future and something to look forward to. Introduction The ubiquitous development of technology and computers has changed the way people live, work, play and interact. The profile of business has also changed dramatically throughout the years. Technological advancements dominate the shift in business strategies of many firms and made traditional business models obsolete. Upheavals wrought by these developments have forced many corporations to restructure and seek new directions. Financial markets are not spared from the upheaval. World capital markets throughout the globe are now interlinked via satellite, networks and technology. Globalization has linked formerly independent economies. When a cataclysm occurs within a globally linked financial system, the entire global market feels the ripples of the event. Businesses are no longer isolated entities that operate autonomously. People can live and work in virtual reality. It is no longer important that one be physically present in a given work area. Because of computers and connectivity, people can choose to work where they like, when they like and how they like to do their job. With the click of a mouse, an ordinary worker can communicate with his counterpart elsewhere in the globe to discuss work and exchange ideas. The development of computers gave birth to the Internet. In the early 1960’s, a few visionaries saw great potentials in information exchange within the scientific and military circles (Howe, 2005). By 1969, ARPANET originally conceived by Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) became online. Only four computers from partner universities in the southwestern US (UCLA, Stanford Research Institute, UCSB, and the University of Utah) were able to establish contact (Howe 2005).The Internet, or simply the Net, is a publicly accessible worldwide system of interconnected computer networks that transmit data by packet switching using a standardized Internet Protocol (IP). A few other institutions are liked to network. Initially, the web provided information services like †electronic mail, online chat, and the interlinked Web pages and other documents of the World Wide Web† (Internet, n.d.). With the development of faster bandwidths, videos were also introduced as part of the myriad of services that cyberspace had to offer to its growing patrons. Raynovich (2005) wrote that the video is slowly migrating into cyberspace to cater to the more sophisticated demands of the tech savvy. Legacy video networks like cable television, television broadcasts and the DVD and VHS formats are the prevailing formats for the past decades. However, with the entry of faster bandwidths and improved connectivity, it is apparent that the Internet is the wave of the future in video technology. Developments of the Video in the Internet By mid-1990’s, service providers began introducing photos, audio, video and animations. It had broadened the scope of the Internet from just merely text-based transmissions. Real Audio ver. 1.0 developed by Progressive Networks in 1995 allowed Internet users to view real time images on the Internet without the need for downloading the file. This new technological breakthrough is known as streaming. Streaming allowed consumers to access audio files immediately with less download time. The user immediately received a transmission of the audio files as soon as it was released. In 1997, the same company introduced Real Video. This time, images were streamed and transmitted over the Internet. Microsoft was not far behind when they introduced Netshow 2.0 that used better bandwidths. It was later renamed Window Media Player 6.0 in 1999. The program allowed users to play both audio and video streaming formats. By 2000, the improved program can accommodate MP3 formats. In 2003, an improved version of Window Media Player 9.0 allowed users to queue, cross-fade and playback audio and video clips. A video smoothing technology was also included in the new version that allowed content encoding at lower speeds. This was ideal for slow Internet connections (Shaw, n.d.) In streaming, there are two types of server. One is a streaming server and the other is a regular web server. A streaming server sends data in packets and determines the speed of the user’s connection. The server buffers the data so the video could be viewed continuously even when the speed becomes intermittent. The stream server sends video files in three ways – unicast, multicast or reflected multicast (Streaming video on the Internet, 2000). On a regular web server, the video files are treated as regular file transfer. The files are also buffered to ensure continuous play. The video is played back not on the server’s but on the user’s computer storage. The diagram in figure 1 illustrates the process. Aside from streaming, Live Web broadcasting or live webcast is another way of transmitting video tracks onto the Internet. As a computer playbacks the video content in a computer, a streaming server accepts the broadcast. Anyone accessing the server at the time of broadcast would be able to view the video as it is being played (Streaming video on the Internet, 2000). Figure 1 – Process of video streaming (Streaming video on the Internet, 2000). . Streaming video is particularly useful as a learning tool used in many technology driven classrooms. Shepard (2003) differentiated streaming video from the traditional mediums of video like CD-ROM, DVD or VHS tapes. The publishers of CD-ROM or DVD inadvertently lose copyright control of their products once purchased while in streaming, the publisher can control copyright because video streams may not be stored on the viewer’s computer. Compared to VHS, streaming is more flexible and interactive (p.297). Streaming videos allow students to access demonstration or lecture at their own pace. Some of the important points of a lecture for example are hyperlinked to other sources that students can explore. Video streaming can also be used to facilitate examinations where teachers may post their questions and the students may send their answers. Video streaming presents an alternative form of learning transformation and allows teacher-student interaction. Another development in the video aspect in the Internet is the introduction of Internet television. Internet television allows viewers to access television programs on the Internet. However, the Internet offers more versatility and interactivity. The programs are watched on the user’s computer systems while according user’s more control over what they watch and obtain ancillary information over the Internet simultaneously (Noll, 2004, p.4). Presently, web TV received lukewarm responses from the users. Web TV allows users access to the internet through the use of the keyboard attached to a telephone line and a television set to provide display. The HDTV offers clearer transmission because it broadcasts programs in digital format. The scan lines are doubled compared to a conventional television and uses the UHF band width. Raynovich (2005) wrote that in the future, improvements in the Internet access and bandwidth would allow integration of the Internet and the video without mimicking existing cable television business models. The future of Internet television would ignore linear programming where the providers control the viewing choice and schedule. The Internet television should allow users to access programs anytime, anywhere and anyway the viewer would want it. Internet protocol television or IPTV is a current development in Internet television. Mike Volpi, senior vice president and general manager, Routing and Service Provider Technology Group, in an interview cited the new developments in Internet television. IPTV is not simply television delivered over the Internet. It uses the same language and technology of internet. The principle of IPTV follows the tradition of traditional television, cable or satellite but delivered with â€Å"a higher degree of personalization and searchability† (Cisco, 2006). On IPTV, the users are allowed to pick their favorite television programs and watch them on-demand. The IPTV’s interactivity differentiates it from traditional television and cable broadcasts. Video and audio conferencing have been in use for many years using a variety of mediums like the telephone, television and the Internet. When using video conferencing on the Internet through streaming. The first video conferencing was â€Å"Ericsson’s demonstration of the first trans-Atlantic LME video telephone calls† (Roberts, 2004). The network video protocol (NVP) was introduced in 1976 and packet video protocol (PVP) in 1981(Roberts, 2004). Video conferencing has also become one of the popular medium of communication but limited in scope. Not all telephone companies offered the service to their customers. The Virtual Room Videoconferencing System (VRVS) was developed at Caltech-CERN on July of 1997. The initial intention was to provide the communication tools for researchers and scientists involved in the Large Hadron Collider Project and scientists in the High Energy and Nuclear Physics Community in the U.S. and Europe. It has since been expanded to include other professions like geneticists, doctors, and a host of other scientists that requires such a facility (Roberts, 2004). In 2000, Microsoft introduced the software NetMeeting to support video conferencing using the computer. There are two ways to conduct video conferencing on the web – the point to point and multipoint services. Point to point or P2P can link two locations with live audio and video feeds while the multipoint system can provide a link to three or more locations. The P2P uses a protocol of H.323 to establish contact between two points. When connected, both parties can now exchange audio and video over the Internet. For the multipoint system, a multipoint control unit or MCU is necessary to make three or more connections on H.323 protocol (Hunter, n.d.). When Steve Russell developed the first computer game â€Å"Space War† in 1961, videogames became a byword for many homes in the United States. Entrepreneurs saw an opportunity in the videogames industry. Thus marked the beginnings of major leaders in videogames. Nolan Bushnell, the Atari founder was the first to convert video games into a lucrative venture. He developed games without the need for complicated computing requisites and sold them to the public. A modest 1500 units were sold through a pinball company. In 1972, Atari introduced Pong and generated revenues ten times more than the pinball machine. Bushnell later designed a simpler machine for home use. By 1976, the industry players had grown to twenty and their combined earnings grew from $200 million in 1978 to $1 billion in 1981. The biggest players at that time include National Semiconductor, Fairchild, General Instrument, Coleco, and Magnavox (Aoyama and Izushi, 2003, p.427). After several years of successful ventures, the market for video games crashed in 1983-1984. Aoyama and Izushi (2003) attributed the crash to oversupply and sub-standard designs of software (p.427). With the introduction of 3D and multimedia in the 1990’s, it had revolutionized gaming to include network gaming. By the late 1990’s, the MUD or multi-user domain protocol became a requisite in most videogames to allow multiple players for online gaming (Newman, 2004, p.115). The trend in online gaming is changing so rapidly that what is in vogue today may be obsolete in a few months. In online gaming, the players are allowed to pit against each other despite geographic and spatial distance. The Internet also allows online chat while players are competing against each other. The ubiquitous technology of the Internet had extended videogames from an individual’s living room into a global domain. Issues with Internet Video The main problems that usually hound providers are bandwidth and economics. In streaming technologies, most users have limited capacity modem speed. While the speed rate slowly improves, there are still gaps that need to be addressed. For example, streaming video files require a minimum of 2500 to 5000 compression ratio. A multimedia video consumes about 2.4M bits/second, 80 times more than the bandwidth capacity of a regular 28.8K modem connection (Currier, 1996). To have good transmission, the bandwidth must be slightly higher than the usual. The second issue is the time delay that video and audio content may experience on the Internet. Unpredictable load and traffic may disrupt transmission thereby producing corrupted images or audio. Disruption can cause the loss of data. The solution to the problem is to change the analogue lines into digital ones to increase bandwidth. A time delay of two seconds can render video conferencing useless. TCP/IP drop rate of 5% will inevitably translate to transmission loss. The level of acceptance for IPTV or Internet TV is still low. The proliferation of video and Internet television is also highly dependent on costs. Very few investors at the moment are willing to invest money into the medium. The medium also competes with traditional programming delivery of regular television broadcast and cable service. Conclusion The interface between the Internet and video is inexorable as customers demand better quality and easy access to the medium. The development of the video on the Internet is still in constant flux. The current video Internet protocol still needs more time to evolve. It is apparent that video on the Internet is the wave of the future and something to look forward to. References Aoyama, Y. and Izushi,H. (2003) Hardware gimmick or cultural innovation? Technological, cultural, and social foundations of the Japanese video game industry. Research Policy 32: 423-444. Cisco, 2006. Ciscos vision for the evolution of video communications and entertainment: Mike Volpi discusses the strategic importance of video in communications and media markets. Retrieved February 18, 2007 from: http://newsroom.cisco.com/dlls/2006/ts_121206.html Currier, B. (1996). Is the Internet ready for video? Retrieved February 18, 2007 from: http://www.synthetic-ap.com/qt/internetvideo.html Howe, W. (2005) An anecdotal history of the people and communities that brought about the Internet and the Web. Retrieved February 18, 2007 from: http://www.walthowe.com/navnet/history.html Hunter, J. (n.d.) Video Conferencing An Introduction. Retrieved February 18, 2007 from: http://ezinearticles.com/?Video-ConferencingAn-Introductionid=70930 Internet (n.d.) Retrieved February 18, 2007 from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet Newman, J. (2004). Videogames, London: Routledge. Noll, M.A. (2004). Chapter 1:Internet Television: Definition and prospects in Internet Television. Darcy Gerbarg, Jo Groebel and Eli Noam – (eds). Mahwah, NJ. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates:1-8. Raynovich, R.S. (2005). Video is the Internet. Retrieved February 19, 2007 from: http://www.lightreading.com/document.asp?doc_id=72472 Roberts,L.P. (2004). The history of video conferencing Moving ahead at the speed of video. Retrieved February 19, 2007 from: http://ezinearticles.com/?The-History-of-Video-ConferencingMoving-Ahead-at-the-Speed-of-Videoid=5369 Shaw, R. (n.d.). The evolution of rich media. Retrieved February 18, 2007 from: http://www.imediaconnection.com/content/2618.asp. Shepard, K. (2003). Questioning, promoting and evaluating the use of streaming video to support student learning. British Journal of Educational Technology 34(3): 295–308. Streaming video on the Internet. (2000). Retrieved February 1997 from: http://www.dps.com/custserv/doclib.nsf/55f584d47a8fd27585256bf300554e9f/9cb11874854c451c85256aaf00681f80/$FILE/Streaming%20Video%20White%20Paper%20v1-0.pdf

Humorous Wedding Speech by the Father of the Groom -- Wedding Toasts R

Humorous Wedding Speech by the Father of the Groom Good evening Ladies and Gentlemen - I am the groom's father, Ken, and I have the great privilege of being best man. I have recently found out there are two reasons why J W asked me to do this job. 1) To make him look younger and slimmer in the photos. 2) Because he didn't want to burden any of his friends with the terrible prospect of having to give this speech. It's the speech that no one wants to do. The best man doesn't really know what he's expected to say and yet his speech is supposed to be humorous - but it might not be. It's supposed to be short - but it probably won't be. It should be original - but it seldom is. It should not offend - and most do. And finally, it's supposed to be sincere and I certainly intend mine to be. In fact, I cannot be more sincere than to say to my son what an honor you have done to me by asking me to be your best man today. That said, while you are all here to enjoy yourselves, the poor best man has to work for his supper - not that he is able to enjoy his food for the thought of making that speech. He is so nervous he can hardly eat his meal. J W, seeing how nervous I was, arranged for me to have the best seat in the house - namely cubicle 3 in the Gent's toilet. There's even a sign behind the door which reads 'the best man inspects these toilets at 15-minute intervals. If you have any complaints please report it ... ...come so fond of Kathy and we looked upon her as a daughter that we had gained. I can but wish the new Mr and Mrs Wilson every success in the future. As I said at the start I'm not very sure what a best man is supposed to say in his speech. I do know he really has only one thing he must cover and that is to say to the groom 'J W, on behalf of the matron of honour and the bridesmaids thank you very much for all that you said. I can only but agree with your comments. I would like to finish my speech by making a toast to the two most important persons here today - Ladies and gentlemen - a toast to the Chef and the Barman. Thank you. Only kidding, the toast is to J W and Kathy - the Bride and Groom.

The Psychology Of Fashion Fashion Essay

Over the 2nd half of the last century, the organic structure has emerged as an object cardinal to our behaviour and to our thrust for intending. Therefore, manner, being in close contact to our organic structures, has started to have the attending of public, creative persons, and intellectuals. Psychology of manner lookIt is a common expression, that persons play the functions associated with their individualism and rank in society. One ever has the want to hold a occupation in a big company ; such companies are normally image-controlled. Companies want their employees to hold proper visual aspect to look successful. Conservative vesture is still the most recognized successful expression for an person. Not merely that, but companies want persons besides to reflect the position and professional public presentation of the company foremost by the feeling left by the manner their employers frock. Those who are non playing functions associated with their places in society appear as odd and non trusted this shows in being careful of what we do or state in their presence. Using this to a client employee interaction, the client response should so be negative, and the impact of such negative response heightens and reaches higher administrative degrees. Looking for a occupation is hard particularly if the purpose is high, the manner one manages his or her visual aspect may be an of import key in giving a good first feeling. The importance may mount to it may non count what cognition, attack or personality if one gets a incorrect first feeling. The reply to the inquiry why employers encourage the image-control plans now becomes clearly comprehensible. The usual society ‘s expression for adult females is that they appear quiet. Nevertheless, adult females began to take on stronger and more important expression likely since society approved for them to have on pants. This reworked transcript is still developing ; and adult females now are taking on non to have on make-up, titling hair, and have oning what has ever been a work forces ‘s wear characteristic such as neckties. It is true that a necktie gives reflects answerability, dependability, shrewdness, and position, therefore, a scarf may non be adequate neckwear for adult females. These organic structure fond regards are non merely a signifier of stylish vesture, but used besides to demo the singularity of an person. When a occupation demand is divergent communicating with clients as in gross revenues or public dealingss, of import qualities for choice are good wellness and good- looking, every bit good as cognition and acquaintance with the merchandise or house. However, non all directors appreciate these positions ; alternatively, they worry possibly excessively much about the manner mentalities, which can be a penchant for choice. Psychological theories related to FashionThe bases of depth psychology theory as explained by Sigmund Freud are four rules:Organization of personality.Psychosexual stages of development.Natural psychological activity.Psychoanalytical method of psychotherapeutics. Many psychologists applied Freud ‘s psychoanalytic theory to the survey of manner:Theory of switching attractive zonesManner historiographer, James Laver the art historiographer ( 1899-1975 ) theorized the attractive force or seduction rule is what governs adult females manners. For that, the chief thrust behind alterations in adult females manners was the wish to pull the opposite gender. On the other manus, what governs alterations in work forces ‘s manners is the hierarchy ( picking order or ladder ) rule significance that stylish adult male ‘s manner highlights the socioeconomic position more than anything else does. Harmonizing to Laver, female ‘s frock, attracts males by discriminatively covering and concealing certain parts of the female anatomy. Therefore, different manners are based on switching attractive zones. Manner helps to maintain involvement in the organic structure by constructing what can be called attractive capital that is covering up part s for longtime plenty to construct up a sense of delectation when seeing them once more. Sexual symbolism of vestureAlison Lurie the American novelist ( born in 1926 ) applied the psychoanalytic theory in her description of what one ‘s pocketbook communicates. Gender attractive force is non all a pocketbook communicates. Its contents represent the contents of head, or act as a portable individuality hint. At the same clip, nevertheless, the bag suggests magnet information in the eyes of the perceiver. A tightly closed, fastened, and folded bag points to a adult female who protects her privacy ( physical and emotional ) . An open-topped to a great extent loaded bag, points to an unfastened, swearing personality, which may name for attack. A pocketbook that has many compartments, points to a methodical organized head or a adult female who engages in many activities in life. A one-compartment pocketbook, on the other manus, points to the opposite particularly if disorganized and mixed up. The executive adult female who carries a pocketbook and a brief instance togethe r may hold two opposing inconsistent features. Lurie, in her book, besides discusses the imagination associated with work forces ‘s wear ( umbrellas, chapeaus, ties, and walking sticks ) . Manner is a manner of self-expression. It allows people to reassign feelings and ideas without stating a word, and if I may cite from Thomas Carlyle ( the Scottish philosopher and author 1759-1881 ) ; â€Å"Society is founded on fashion†¦ If the cut of the costume signals intellect and endowment, so the colour suggests temper and heart† .

Anchoring-Annual Day Essay

These virtual characters then do things that people in the real world do, such as having sex. Depending on your preferences, you can have sex with someone who is older or younger than you – perhaps much older or younger. In fact, if your virtual character is an adult, you can have sex with a virtual character who is a child. If you did that in the real world, most of us would agree that you did something seriously wrong. But is it seriously wrong to have virtual sex with a virtual child? Some Second Life players say that it is, and have vowed to expose those who do it. Meanwhile, the manufacturers, Linden Labs, have said they will modify the game to prevent virtual children from having sex. German prosecutors have also become involved, although their concern appears to be the use of the game to spread child pornography, rather than whether people have virtual sex with virtual children. Laws against child pornography in other countries may also have the effect of prohibiting games that permit virtual sex with virtual children. In Australia, Connor O’Brien, chair of the criminal law section of the Law Institute of Victoria, recently told the Melbourne newspaper The Age that he thought the manufacturer of Second Life could be prosecuted for publishing images of children in a sexual context. The law is on solid ground when it protects children from being exploited for sexual purposes. It becomes much more dubious when it interferes with sexual acts between consenting adults. What adults choose to do in the bedroom, many thoughtful people believe, is their own business, and the state ought not to pry into it. If you get aroused by having your adult partner dress up as a schoolchild before you have sex, and he or she is happy to enter into that fantasy, your behavior may be abhorrent to most people, but as long as it is done in private, few would think that it makes you a criminal. Nor should it make any difference if you invite a few adult friends over, and in the privacy of your own home they all choose to take part in a larger-scale sexual fantasy of the same kind. Are computers linked via the Internet – again, assuming that only consenting adults are involved – so different from a group fantasy of this kind? When someone proposes making something a criminal offense, we should always ask: who is harmed? If it can be shown that the opportunity to act out a fantasy by having virtual sex with a virtual child makes people more likely to engage in real pedophilia, then real children will be harmed, and the case for prohibiting virtual pedophilia becomes stronger. But looking at the question in this way raises another, and perhaps more significant, issue about virtual activities: video game violence. Those who play violent video games are often at an impressionable age. Doom, a popular violent videogame, was a favorite of Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold, the teenage Columbine High School murderers. In a chilling videotape they made before the massacre, Harris says â€Å"It’s going to be like fucking Doom†¦. That fucking shotgun [he kisses his gun] is straight out of Doom! There are other cases in which aficionados of violent videogames have become killers, but they do not prove cause and effect. More weight, however, should be given to the growing number of scientific studies, both in the laboratory and in the field, of the effect of such games. In Violent Video Game Effects on Children and Adults, Craig Anderson, Douglas Gentile, and Katherine Buckley, of the Department of Psychology at Iowa State University, draw these studies tog ether to argue that violent video games increase aggressive behavior. If criminal prosecution is too blunt an instrument to use against violent video games, there is a case for awarding damages to the victims, or families of the victims, of violent crimes committed by people who play violent video games. To date, such lawsuits have been dismissed, at least in part on the grounds that the manufacturers could not foresee that their products would cause people to commit crimes. But the evidence that Anderson, Gentile, and Buckley provide has weakened that defense. Andre Peschke, editor-in-chief of Krawall. e , one of Germany’s leading online computer and video game magazines, informs me that in ten years in the video game industry, he has never seen any serious debate within the industry on the ethics of producing violent games. The manufacturers fall back on the simplistic assertion that there is no scientific proof that violent video games lead to violent acts. But sometimes we cannot wait for proof. This seems to be one of those cases: the risks are great, and outweigh whatever benefits violent video games may have. The evidence may not be conclusive, but it is too strong to be ignored any longer. The burst of publicity about virtual pedophilia in Second Life may have focused on the wrong target. Video games are properly subject to legal controls, not when they enable people to do things that, if real, would be crimes, but when there is evidence on the basis of which we can reasonably conclude that they are likely to increase serious crime in the real world. At present, the evidence for that is stronger for games involving violence than it is for virtual realities that permit pedophilia.

US FEDALISM essays

US FEDALISM essays The political affairs of the world in eighteenth century left much to be desired by todays modern democratic standards. Most dramatic regime changes following a revolution or war are quite easy to explain. France in 1789 was seething with discontent at a corrupt and insensitive monarchy. Russia in 1917 was long overdue for a revolution to sweep away on archaic, semi-feudal order. And the numerous colonial wars of independence in the post-1945 period were predictable, given the rapid political and economic changes which World War II and its aftermath had precipitated. The American fails to fit any of these neat stereotypes, however. The principal aims that the Founding Fathers of the Constitution had been to guarantee the sovereignty of the people, to maintain a maximum of liberty for the citizens. To have popular representation without an unbridled majority rule. The sources of inspiration of the Founding Fathers were to a high extent John Locke, Thomas Paine and Montesqieu. To achieve the four main aims: The social contract, democracy and separation of power, federalism. In order to judge the success of the constitution to fulfil the aims of the Founding Fathers, one should look at the changes that have occurred and how the American system looks today. During the eighteenth century the idea that men possessed certain inalienable rights spread rapidly under the influence of the social contract theorists (Locke, Rousseau) and pamphleteers (Thomas Paine), and became particularly popular in a colonial America infused with a spirit of liberty and independence. The men of the American Constitution of 1787 were as much inspired by English philosopher John Locke. Locke had agreed that between the citizens and the government power an agreement had been made. This agreement meant that in exchange for less freedom, a government had appeared to promote life, liberty and property. Life, liberty and property were rights that governmen...

The Lion In Winter essays

The Lion In Winter essays The Reality of the Medieval Soap Opera The Lion in Winter begins with a friendly sword fight between father and son, a lively jousting match, and a battle led by King Henry IIs son, Geoffrey of Brittany. All scenes are typical of the 12th century. A few mistakes did exist, however, which included reference to syphilis, pulp paper, and Christmas trees. Despite minor errors, the greatest historical accuracy lies within the portrayal of the royal families of England and France. Both families are uniquely connected and utterly dysfunctional, which is characteristic of many soap operas today. Henrys sons are continuously fighting over the throne and plotting with the enemy, the king of France, Phillip II Augustus. Meanwhile, Queen Eleanor is constantly instigating arguments over the children, his mistress, and their marriage. Henry IIs children are notoriously known for their misconduct and rebellion. Following Henrys eldest sons death, brothers Richard, Geoffrey and John fight competitively to be heir to the thrown. One of The Lion In Winters major themes is the family tension that exists over Henrys heir. The film accurately grasps the character of the brothers desire to acquire the crown. For example, there is a scene where each brother seeks out Philip II Augustus, the king of France, in order to create an alliance. All three are caught red handed when Henry surprises them all with a visit to Philip. Richard, known as the Lionheart, has been built up in history as a constant soldier and sometimes poet. The picture adheres to this description. Richard states his loyalty to his fathers kingdom by refusing to give up Alix or the Aquitaine if he becomes king. Furthermore, Richards softer side is revealed by means of his apparent love affair with Philip. This follows historical belief that Richard Lionheart was a homosexual. Like his brother,...

Why Your Job Board Applications Aren’t Working

Why Your Job Board Applications Aren’t Working Are you a talented professional with amazing accomplishments, but who is getting nowhere applying for jobs through job boards?   If so, you are not alone, and you are fighting an uphill battle.   The fact is, job seekers get only a 1-3% response rate from the major job boards.   That means you might have to send out 100 resumes to get just one response! There is a trick to getting a higher response from the job boards, which I talk about in detail in How to Write a Resume that Beats the Computers.You also need some other strategies. There are plenty of jobs out there that are not posted on job boards, and that even your networking contacts dont know about. The company itself might not even know they want someone like you until you show up!  Ã‚   Mary Elizabeth Bradford, who won a Career Innovator Award at the 2011 Career Directors International conference, has packaged a Job Search Success System that will help you present yourself powerfully to find those hidden jobs. The basic premise of Mary Elizabeth’s system if that you need strategies to connect directly with companies.   You cut out the â€Å"middle man† (recruiters, HR, job boards, etc.). Most companies go through  at least five steps to fill a position  before they will post the position to a major job board. They get on the phone to a few trusted colleagues. They look to see if anyone internal is qualified to be promoted. They alert their staff to refer someone they might know. They launch an intimate campaign to try to fill the position waaaay before the general public is notified. And if after a few weeks, the position is still not filled, perhaps they contact a related association to post the job on their â€Å"Members Only job† or they contract a recruiter.   Job boards are a last resort. Can you break through to the Hidden Market? Mary Elizabeth emphasizes, â€Å"ANYONE (and I mean even if you are right out of college) can enjoy the benefits of the hidden job market. These jobs are available on all levels and in virtually all industries.   The trick is to hone your focus so you actually achieve the results you want.† What are the advantages to you of connecting to the hidden job market?   You get more job opportunities, more market leverage, less competition, a shorter interview process and bigger offers.   You still might want to send resumes out via the internet as part of your strategy; but why would you focus there exclusively when you can have so much more control over your next career move?! You might be wondering precisely how to tap into the unadvertised job market. There are three strategies recommended by the Job Search Success System that help you focus on and find great jobs that will never see a major job board. Tip #1: Have a plan Launch a proactive job search. Know precisely what you are looking for, then reach out to get it. Know your primary target market(s), primary positions sought, geographic parameters, and timeline. Tip #2: Pick three main job search strategies for tapping into your market Here are two examples of techniques you can utilize: Offer your skills to growing or changing companies: Companies that are expanding, merging, acquiring other companies, rolling out new products or services, or moving are likely to be seeking new employees to help them with their transition. Make direct company contact: Contacting a company directly is a great way to take leadership and control over your job search. Are you interested in looking at the higher education market in your state or the top organic food manufacturers in the US? Or maybe the fastest growing healthcare oriented businesses in your city? All of these â€Å"lists† are accessible to you and allow you to tap right into your market of focus. Tip #3: Manage your job search like a marketing campaign Make a simple plan to move forward. Pick the hours and days each week that you plan to invest in your next career move. Block out those times and stick to them! Honor your commitment to your job search just like you would honor your commitment to your present employer to show up on time each day. During your job search, keep things simple and focus on your actions, not their immediate results! This way you can celebrate your initial â€Å"successes†    the completions of your daily and weekly goals. The results will unfold elegantly and abundantly and you will enjoy the satisfaction of success whether you are investing in marketing yourself or basking in the warm glow of landing your third or fourth interview! How are job boards sounding now?   If you are ready to try a new strategy, I highly encourage you to look into Mary Elizabeth’s award-winning Job Search Success System. And please report your success to both Mary Elizabeth and me.   I love success stories and look forward to hearing yours! Category:Job SearchBy Brenda BernsteinNovember 14, 2011 1 Comment William Dufour says: May 10, 2017 at 8:14 am Thanks for the information. Log in to Reply

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 39

Assignment Example Under the center part of the floor where will be a series of longitudinal beams, each 18 feett long, at 6 feet 6 inches center-to-center distance. The transverse beams will be connected to pairs of columns in the North-South direction. The longitudinal beams will be placed on top of the columns in the East-West direction. The roof will be built using a series of sheets that will be placed on top of the longitudinal beams to enclose the structure. To prepare the ground for the centre, approximately 650 cubic yards of earth excavation and landscaping will needed to for the floor slab, test pool (see below), and foundations, and to reconstruct the parking lot embankment. It is expected that a backhoe loader will be used to load a truck that will move all soil and any other water material encountered during construction. Access to the proposed Center will be through a pair of large double-doors on the East side, each 15 feet wide and 10 feet high, and two pairs of double-doors on North side, each 8 feet wide and 7 feet high. There will be two key internal features. Firstly, there will be a Construction Laboratory (or workshop) for the concrete canoes, situated at the West end of the proposed Center, which will include overhead storage racks. The interior drywall for this facility is to be estimated and constructed at a later date. Secondly, there will be a Test Pool for the concrete canoes, whose internal dimensions will be : depth 6 feet, width 10 feet, length 100 feet a further 800 cubic feet of reinforced concrete will be required This will require a further 6000 cubic feet (23 cubic yards) of excavation, which will needed to the accounted for as part of the Estimates presented below. The Test Pool will a rectangular trough shape with 1 foot wall and floor thicknesses. The Test Pool will positioned approximately centered in and underneath the floor slab. A water filter and pump

Nickel and Dimed Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Nickel and Dimed - Essay Example There is a lot of harsh dialogue thrown around about welfare and welfare reform. But according to this author, the fault is not with the poor individuals themselves—it is with the system that is keeping them down and oppressed. In terms of specific challenges faced by those in poverty, poverty is sometimes a situation in which a population’s perceptions about what is healthy become different from the outside society’s, and then the outside society is brought down further in their estimation in whatever form it takes and they become more proud and insulated from it. The most important part to keep in mind is that people have moved from welfare into the workforce over the last few years, but many remain who face significant challenges in the system (perhaps the most challenges). Diet, housing, and healthcare are basic human needs. In terms of diet, poor people face obstacles because of a lack of education about nutrition, combined with an over-abundance of unhealthy and fast food places in poor socio-economic areas. Housing is a problem, with public housing opportunities existing, but within a sea of red tape and paperwork. The same description also works for healthcare; there are problems of opportunity and access. Improving a situation of poverty means working to change the system that keeps people within poverty. These poor people exposed by the author are not monsters; in fact, they have less, so that others can have more. They â€Å"neglect their own children so that the children of others will be cared for; they live in substandard housing so that other homes will be shiny and perfect; they endure privation so that inflation will be low and stock prices high† (Ehrenreich, 2001). Without a change in the overall system of the country, there can be little individual improvement. There are many obstacles against escaping poverty. There is also the issue of the conflation of poverty and lower

Law for business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Law for business - Essay Example Sharma for injury of her son. In business transactions there are certain terms and conditions which are eithor clearly mentioned at the time of making the contract or these might be implied be the law. When these conditions are express and are not otherwise contradictory to the legal provisions enacted in the country, these conditions are legal and are liable to be upheld by the court of law. However, these conditions are not express in the contract. Here a question raises that if there is no expressly defined contract between the buyer and the seller, then how a buyer can protect his rights? This gap is filled by some implied conditions in form of implied warranties and guarentees in any sale of goods. These implied terms are important because it is not always possible to enter into a written contract everytime, when thre is a sale. warranty of fitness for a particular purpos is one of these warranties. As per Section 14 (2) of Sales of Goods Act 19791, (Sales of Goods Act, 1979) the seller sells goods in the course of a business, there is an implied term that the goods supplied under the contract are of satisfactory quality and for the purpose of its usage. Section (2) (b) speaks of the satisfactory quality of goods including their state and condition including its appearance and finishing, safety, freedom from defects and durability etc. However, there is no requirement for satisfactory quality if attention of the buyer is drawn before finalizing of contract or if buyer examines the goods for defects beforehand/prior to making contract. As per Section 2 of Consumer Protection Act 19872, (Consumer Protection Act, 1987) if damage is caused, wholly or partly, by defect in the product, the producer of the product and the person who imported or supplied the product shall be liable for damage. Similarly, as per judgment in (KG

EPIDEMIOLOGY and BIOSTATISTICS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

EPIDEMIOLOGY and BIOSTATISTICS - Essay Example Specific Tests are required more when a rare disease in question. However for such a communicable disease, early detection is a must and hence the more sensitive test i.e Test B should be chosen. 2. Physicians practising in the general community often find that on the average chronic debilitating conditions such as multiple sclerosis or connective tissue diseases lead to less disability and fewer complications than they were led to expect from reading reports in medical literature on the natural history of these conditions. Why do you think this is the case? Ans 2. The chronic debilitating conditions mentioned in these diseases is a subjective and dependant variable concern. Multiple factors affect the incidence and complexity of the above mentioned diseases. Or it could be the case that, Medical awareness in the community is high so these conditions get cured before reaching an advance stage. Thus all this could contribute to the fact that these chronic conditions seem to occur with less disability and fewer complications than they were led to expect from reading reports in medical literature on the natural history of these conditions. 3. Surgeons at hospital A report that mortality rate at the end of one year follow up period after a coronary by-pass operation is 15%. At hospital B the surgeons report a 1-year mortality rate of only 8% after the same procedure. What would you find out before concluding that surgeons at hospital B perform the operation with greater skill? Referral Bias is an important factor to be considered while determining the skill in the above case. A might be getting more complicated disease cases. Even for the same disease, it might get a disease in a more advanced stage. Thus even for the same number of cases, the mortality rate of the two hospitals is not comparable. 4. The following table shows data from a

Graduate reflection paper 1a Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Graduate reflection paper 1a - Essay Example In this way, they can enhance their own learning as well as enhance the development of their students. Different environments also help teachers learn about the needs of the adult learner and how they learn best. Another area that is important to understand is that of assessment, evaluation and the adaptation of materials for adult learners. Sometimes a teacher may run across some pertinent material in preparing for a class, that one wants to incorporate into the class. Sometimes the material can be adapted "as is," but most of the time, it must be adapted to fit the needs of the students and the teacher. The teacher must have developed the skills to easily integrate the information in order to be most effective. When students enter any type of training or educational pursuit, they bring with them a wealth of professional and personal experience. Some students are used to being in educational environments while others are the first from their families to enter college. There are many learning theories that assist in learning about teaching styles. Beginning theorists like B.F. Skinner and Ivan Pavlov through their behaviorism gave an understanding of how to help adult learners learn when they are struggling. As an example, many students may struggle with a concept at work that needs to be done efficiently. Using the behavior theories, this concept can be broken down into smaller parts. This is one way that a lesson could be adapted for more than one type of learner. The cognitive theories are important to teaching and learning because they rely on an individuals internal stimuli to measure performance. For the adult learner who is attempting to move forward with their lives, the concepts of motivation, self-direction, decision making, problem solving, and learning to think in positive frameworks, are very important. These theories encourage teachers to understand how students learn. A central group of

EPIDEMIOLOGY and BIOSTATISTICS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

EPIDEMIOLOGY and BIOSTATISTICS - Essay Example Specific Tests are required more when a rare disease in question. However for such a communicable disease, early detection is a must and hence the more sensitive test i.e Test B should be chosen. 2. Physicians practising in the general community often find that on the average chronic debilitating conditions such as multiple sclerosis or connective tissue diseases lead to less disability and fewer complications than they were led to expect from reading reports in medical literature on the natural history of these conditions. Why do you think this is the case? Ans 2. The chronic debilitating conditions mentioned in these diseases is a subjective and dependant variable concern. Multiple factors affect the incidence and complexity of the above mentioned diseases. Or it could be the case that, Medical awareness in the community is high so these conditions get cured before reaching an advance stage. Thus all this could contribute to the fact that these chronic conditions seem to occur with less disability and fewer complications than they were led to expect from reading reports in medical literature on the natural history of these conditions. 3. Surgeons at hospital A report that mortality rate at the end of one year follow up period after a coronary by-pass operation is 15%. At hospital B the surgeons report a 1-year mortality rate of only 8% after the same procedure. What would you find out before concluding that surgeons at hospital B perform the operation with greater skill? Referral Bias is an important factor to be considered while determining the skill in the above case. A might be getting more complicated disease cases. Even for the same disease, it might get a disease in a more advanced stage. Thus even for the same number of cases, the mortality rate of the two hospitals is not comparable. 4. The following table shows data from a

Is the rise of China good or bad for the industrial world Essay

Is the rise of China good or bad for the industrial world - Essay Example The manner in which it has benefited the world economy as well as brought a new and dignified name to the technological domains is somewhat of an interesting study which has come about with the passage of time. Also an effort has been made to find out what binds together the Chinese energy and the workforce which keeps producing solid results and creates benchmarks time and again. In essence, a clear cut demarcation has been made when the talk has gone out loud regarding China being a potent force within the industrial world in this day and age, as well as doing so in the coming times undoubtedly (Li 1999). Hence these discussions will be centered upon within this paper to find out how the world can catch up with China and how China can grow even further from where it is today. With the assistance of major industrial players like the European Union, China can make it big within the global economy. Even though it is doing well, it needs to stamp of approval from the world’s leading economic bodies. What China can bank on meanwhile is that its economic resources in the form of its own people trust in themselves and this is the reason why they are seen as tough taskmasters. They believe in hard work, commitment and devotion right from the beginning of doing any work. The world including the European Union and other significant bodies like the United States see them as dedicated professionals who would go to any length to turn the impossible tasks into possible and doable things. This is the basis why Chinese have been able to showcase significance through their actions while the rest of the world has sat back and enjoyed their laurels. The talent and skills with which these Chinese professionals are filled with is testimony enough that the processes an d systems within the country are based on a solid footing. This is the reason why there are many moments of success when it comes to the

Tsunami and Physical Protection Measures Essay Example for Free

Tsunami and Physical Protection Measures Essay What is tsunami? A tsunami (plural: tsunamis or tsunami; from Japanese: æ ´ ¥Ã¦ ³ ¢, lit. harbor wave;[1] English pronunciation: /suË Ã‹Ë†nÉ‘Ë mi/ soo-nah-mee or/tsuË Ã‹Ë†nÉ‘Ë mi/ tsoo-nah-mee[2]) is a series of water waves caused by the displacement of a large volume of a body of water, typically an ocean or a large lake. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and other underwater explosions (including detonations of underwater nuclear devices), landslides, glacier calving, meteorite impacts and other disturbances above or below water all have the potential to generate a tsunami. [3] Tsunami waves do not resemble normal sea waves, because their wavelength is far longer. Rather than appearing as a breaking wave, a tsunami may instead initially resemble a rapidly rising tide, and for this reason they are often referred to as tidal waves. Tsunamis generally consist of a series of waves with periods ranging from minutes to hours, arriving in a so-called wave train.[4] Wave heights of tens of meters can be generated by large events. Although the impact of tsunamis is limited to coastal areas, their destructive power can be enormous and they can affect entire ocean basins; the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami was among the deadliest natural disasters in human history with over 230,000 people killed in 14 countries bordering the Indian Ocean. The Greek historian Thucydides suggested in 426 BC that tsunamis were related to submarine earthquakes,[5][6] but the understanding of a tsunamis nature remained slim until the 20th century and much remains unknown. Major areas of current research include trying to determine why some large earthquakes do not generate tsunamis while other smaller ones do; trying to accurately forecast the passage of tsunamis across the oceans; and also to forecast how tsunami waves would interact with specific shorelines. Etymology (Literary meaning) Tsunamis are sometimes referred to as tidal waves. In recent years, this term has fallen out of favor, especially in the scientific community, because tsunamis actually have nothing to do with tides. The once-popular term derives from their most common appearance, which is that of an extraordinarily high tidal bore. Tsunami and tides both produce waves of water that move inland, but in the case of tsunami the inland movement of water is much greater and lasts for a longer period, giving the impression of an incredibly high tide. Although the meanings of tidal include resembling[8] or having the form or character of[9] the tides, and the term tsunami is no more accurate because tsunami are not limited to harbours, use of the term tidal waves discouraged by geologists and oceanographers. History Main article: Historic tsunami As early as 426 BC the Greek historian Thucydides inquired in his book History of the Peloponnesian War about the causes of tsunami, and was the first to argue that ocean earthquakes must be the cause.[5][6] The cause, in my opinion, of this phenomenon must be sought in the earthquake. At the point where its shock has been the most violent the sea is driven back, and suddenly recoiling with redoubled force, causes the inundation. Without an earthquake I do not see how such an accident could happen.[14] The Roman historian Ammianus Marcellinus (Res Gestae 26.10.15-19) described the typical sequence of a tsunami, including an incipient earthquake, the sudden retreat of the sea and a following gigantic wave, after the 365 AD tsunami devastated Alexandria.[15][16] While Japan may have the longest recorded history of tsunamis, the sheer destruction caused by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami event mark it as the most devastating of its kind in modern times, killing around 230,0 00 people. The Sumatran region is not unused to tsunamis either, with earthquakes of varying magnitudes regularly occurring off the coast of the island.[17] Generation mechanisms The principal generation mechanism (or cause) of a tsunami is the displacement of a substantial volume of water or perturbation of the sea.[18] This displacement of water is usually attributed to either earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, glacier calvings or more rarely by meteorites and nuclear tests.[19][20] The waves formed in this way are then sustained by gravity. Tides do not play any part in the generation of tsunamis. Tsunami generated by seismicity Tsunami can be generated when the sea floor abruptly deforms and vertically displaces the overlying water. Tectonic earthquakes are a particular kind of earthquake that are associated with the Earths crustal deformation; when these earthquakes occur beneath the sea, the water above the deformed area is displaced from its equilibrium position.[21] More specifically, a tsunami can be generated when thrust faults associated with convergent or destructive plate boundaries move abruptly, resulting in water displacement, owing to the vertical component of movement involved. Movement on normal faults will also cause displacement of the seabed, but the size of the largest of such events is normally too small to give rise to a significant tsunami. The energy released produces tsunami waves. Tsunamis have a small amplitude (wave height) offshore, and a very long wavelength (often hundreds of kilometers long, whereas normal ocean waves have a wavelength of only 30 or 40 metres),[22] which is why they generally pass unnoticed at sea, forming only a slight swell usually about 300 millimetres (12 in) above the normal sea surface. They grow in height when they reach shallower water, in a wave shoaling process described below. A tsunami can occur in any tidal state and even at low tide can still inundate coastal areas. Tsunami generated by landslides In the 1950s, it was discovered that larger tsunamis than had previously been believed possible could be caused by giant landslides. Underwater landslides that generate tsunamis are calledsciorrucks.[23] These phenomena rapidly displace large water volumes, as energy from falling debris or expansion transfers to the water at a rate faster than the water can absorb. Their existence was confirmed in 1958, when a giant landslide in Lituya Bay, Alaska, caused the highest wave ever recorded, which had a height of 524 metres (over 1700 feet). The wave didnt travel far, as it struck land almost immediately. Two people fishing in the bay were killed, but another boat amazingly managed to ride the wave. Scientists named these waves megatsunami. Scientists discovered that extremely large landslides from volcanic island collapses can generate megatsunamis that can cross oceans. Meteotsunamis Some meteorological conditions, such as deep depressions that cause tropical cyclones, can generate a storm surge, called a meteotsunami, which can raise tides several metres above normal levels. The displacement comes from low atmospheric pressure within the centre of the depression. As these storm surges reach shore, they may resemble (though are not) tsunamis, inundating vast areas of land.[24]

Amazons New Store Utility Computing Information Technology Essay

Amazons New Store Utility Computing Information Technology Essay With the leadership of the dynamic, young chief executive and co-founder Jeff Bezos known as the king of cyber commerce, who started a business with selling books from his house basement in a Bellevue garage to creating Seattles biggest Internet venture, Amazon made the first sale on the cyber and crossed the borders with its invention that gave millions of people the opportunity to sell and buy online with ease and freedom. Amazon the worlds largest online retailer was probably the first truly worldwide community that was built online with allowing average consumers to create online product reviews and gave them the opportunity to research them before buying. (Frey, Cook, 2008) Since its toddler years, Amazon creation was based on new and invented ideas which no one has made before, first by adopting the explosion of cyber era and creating the first online store which gave consumers easy access to products they never seen before with a feasible price they will not find in the retail stores, then Amazon astonished the public by providing the first online community that allows consumers to create product reviews and gave them a chance to closely know and research the products before they buy them. In despite of losses that exceeded a billion dollar in its early years, Amazon didnt stop its continuous improvements and revolutionary products and services with introducing new concepts and technologies which are completely new inventions no one made before which have an extensive advantage and promise in the advancement of the whole world. One of Amazons recent great inventions in the cyber is cloud computing, also known as on-demand computing or utility computing which will be our main concern in the discussion of this case study and to discover how Amazon which is not known as a technology company exceeded its reputation as a retailer and possessed an infrastructure considered by many to be among the most robust in the world and getting ahead of technology companies like IBM, HP, and Sun Microsystems with offering utility computing without requiring service-level agreements. (Laudon, 2010) Also among our study of Amazons cloud computing, we will compare other suppliers of utility computing and exhibit the services they provide, their availability promise, payment model, and their target clients in comparison to new services offered by Amazons utility computing. Furthermore, I will go through some of the IT infrastructure hardware and software components which are explained in chapter five of the Laudon, K. C., Laudon J. P., Management Information Systems textbook and discuss their relevant to Amazons case; also we will describe how these components fit into Amazons Web services and/or the customers that subscribe to these services. In the last part of our discussion, I will try to discuss an idea of a Web-based startup business and explain how this business could utilize Amazons S3 and EC2 services which should give us a practical example of a real live scenario. Cloud Computing: What Is It Really? There has been a huge amount of Hype around the term Cloud Computing, with people wanting to move Applications on the Cloud, or Security on the Cloud and now even talks of an OS on the Cloud. The question for folks who have just heard of the term typically is, what really is Cloud Computing and How is it going to change things in IT? (Raghupathi, 2009) So lets first explain in more detail the concept of cloud computing and what it does, so we can understand the whole story and discover its pros and cons. Well Cloud Computing has recently emerged as one of the very hot technology trends and is quickly turning into a game changing trend given the significant implications that it can have on all of IT and IT driven businesses. Cloud Computing as the term indicates implies using the Cloud Infrastructure or Internet Based Shared Infrastructure to host and access critical business and personal applications. Typically it involves hosting applications and their corresponding data on shared servers on the Internet and accesses the applications through a browser. (Raghupathi, 2009) Today Cloud Computing changed the way of IS with complete shift from a desktop based model. Most applications have been installed on desktops and are used locally and typically needs to be installed on each desktop that needs to access that specific application or data. With the Cloud computing model, applications are Web Based hosted on a Cloud Server and users can access their applications and data from any machine which has a browser and Internet access. Also Cloud Computing change the way of hosting Applications and services. Today most businesses own and operate their own servers within their network firewalls and host and maintain their application and servers. This typically adds an additional overhead for companies to maintain their infrastructure and is typically sub optimal in terms of utilization of resources. Moving the Cloud model involves businesses hosting their applications and services on third party servers using shared resources. (Raghupathi, 2009) Amazons Technology Services Amazon provides cloud computing, also known as on-demand computing or utility computing. Similar to other utility providers like electric, water, and natural gas, Amazon provides computing capacity to businesses that want to pay only for what they use. (IT Infrastructure, 2009) Amazon can generate extra revenue from other businesses by offering its excess capacity to those that need it. Like most companies, Amazon used only a small portion of it total computing capacity at any one time. Its infrastructure is considered by many to be among the most robust in the world. (Laudon, 2010) Subscribers to the Simple Storage Service (S3) can use only what they need without having to purchase their own hardware and software. That reduces the total cost of ownership for small and medium-size businesses. The system is scalable and reliable for both Amazon and subscribers. The Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) service enables businesses to utilize Amazons servers for computing tasks without having the overhead costs. Risks associated with incorporating the technology are minimal for businesses-Amazon takes most of the risks. Companies may want to go with more established names in computing; Amazon is not known as a technology company-its reputation is more as a retailer. Its combating this perception by not requiring service contracts. However, its competitors like IBM, HP, and Sun Microsystems may follow Amazons lead and offer utility computing without requiring service-level agreements. Some companies are wary of using a supplier that doesnt offer SLAs which guarantee the availability of services in terms of time. The growth of Amazon Web Services (AWS) could be harmful to its Web services line as well as its retail line if the company doesnt position itself to handle a dramatic increase in demand on its infrastructure. (Laudon, 2010) Customers may experience outages in the service and not have any recompense since there are no service level agreements-only Amazons word that it will maintain 99.9 percent availability. (IT Infrastructure, 2009) Businesses, large and small, can benefit from using AWS. The service relieves small business from the TCO of having its own systems. AWS creates the opportunity for others to work at Web scale without making the mistakes that Amazon has already made and learned from. Large businesses can use AWS as an auxiliary unit without having to increase their hardware and associated TCO. (Laudon, 2010) In my perspective, Amazon made a great shift in the IT field with the introduction of Cloud Computing services. Having the ability to run many applications on many different operating systems and storing your data through a web browser for a fraction of a dollar with no need to multiple devices or operating systems is really awesome. In using Amazons services, individuals and especially developers have more advantage than mid-size or large businesses because they cant afford to have many devices or systems if they want to try different applications or operating systems but with using Amazons services everyone will have the opportunity. To learn how Amazon Web Services enables you to achieve your goals with great flexibility, go to Amazon Web Services site and sign up to free account and explore the potentials of Cloud Computing Figure Home Page Of Amazon Web Services Source: http://aws.amazon.com/ Capacity planning, scalability, and TCO Amazon must provide hardware capacity planning and scalability for not just its own needs but for all its subscribers. Overestimates will create a drain on Amazons financial assets. Underestimating capacity and scalability will create shortages for its own business and its subscribers. Too many instances of non-availability will create the impression that Amazon cant manage the service. Estimating scalability for such a large, diverse number of users without breaking down is a huge task. Amazon must bear the total TCO of its services, all the while ensuring it can profit from it. The services subscribers benefit from not having to worry about these issues and not bearing the brunt of TCO issues. (IT Infrastructure, 2009) I think Amazon should pay a serious attention to the capacity and scalability issues because these two factors may lead to the demise of Amazon. Amazon should plan a head to increase its capacity due to the proliferation of its AWS and the growing number of subscribers to its cloud computing services. Utility Computing Suppliers There are many different suppliers of utility computing and everyone provide different services with different prices and variety of targeted clients, even though Amazon is considered to be the cheapest utility computing supplier which made it possible to everyone to have a chance of trying and implementing this new trend of technology. In the table below we will compare Amazon to other two suppliers based on different criteria. Criteria Amazon Sun Microsystems Hewlett-Packard HP Available Services Amazon provides cloud computing through Web Services, Simple Storage System (S3), and Compute Cloud (EC2) offers utility computing through grid computing provides utility computing for PCs, server storage, mail and messaging, print, and centralized data center infrastructure through its distributed grid technology. Target Clients Serve start-up businesses because it has been geared towards small and medium sized businesses since its inception. It doesnt bring the same baggage to the table as the larger, more diverse companies do It provides platforms for its target users in computational mathematics, computer aided engineering, electronic design automation, financial services, life sciences computing tasks. Software developers It targets small, medium and large sized companies for a variety of computing services Price 15 cents per 1 gigabyte of stored data per month and charge 10 cents per CPU hour It charges $1 per CPU hour Costs were not available on its web site Availability It promises 99.9 percent availability It promises 99.9 percent availability 99.9 percent If I decide to launch a start-up web business, I will definitely choose Amazon for my web services and needs, also I believe most of us will be in the same track as I did because Amazon is the cheapest supplier and it has been geared towards small and medium sized businesses since its inception and It promises 99.9 percent availability. Furthermore, everyone when starts a business especially online will always look for efficient and affordable services. Amazons IT infrastructure Amazons Web services use the following hardware components: (IT Infrastructure, 2009) client/server architecture as the server grid computing distributed processing storage area networks virtualization multi-core processors Customers using Amazons Web services utilize the following hardware components: (IT Infrastructure, 2009) client/server architecture as the client distributed processing storage area networks Amazons Web services use the following software components: (IT Infrastructure, 2009) Linux and Unix operating system software Java, Ajax, and HTML as the provider XML Software as a Service (Saas) as the software provider Customers using Amazons Web services utilize the following software components: (IT Infrastructure, 2009) Windows operating system or Mac OS Java, Ajax, and HTML as the recipient Software as a Service (Saas) as the software user Mashups, widgets, cloud computing could be used by customers Startup Business Utilizing Amazons Utility Computing Every student knows how expensive is buying text books directly from the college/university book store which most of us sometimes cannot afford if want to graduate without a heavy load of student loans. My startup business idea will be based on this issue in which I will try to give students an affordable source for buying textbooks and then selling them back at the end of the semester. My startup business will be an e-commerce website the give the users the ability to buy or sell textbooks online or give them an option to buy electronic version of the text book they need which is in common more affordable than buying a hard copy. Every new user will sign up for a free account and provide his/her Name, Address, DOB, University/College, School Year, Major, and Last Semester. Then based on this information which the user just entered, I will add his university, major, and current term to my database of universities, their majors, terms, and related courses with the required text books. The users will have three options: buy a used book which is available and offered by another user, list his/her book for sale, or buy an electronic version of the text book. The users will have the freedom to put the prices they want to sell their text books for, in case they want to buy a text book they are free to accept the listed price or to negotiate with the seller to further reduce the price, the last option will be a fixed price for the electronic version of the text book which I will get from other providers and add a three dollars as a profit. When users sell their text books, they will pay three dollars for listing fee. This startup business will utilize the following Amazons web services: Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud which delivers scalable, pay-as-you-go compute capacity in the cloud. (Amazon Web Services. 2010) Amazon SimpleDB which works in conjunction with Amazon S3 and Amazon EC2 to run queries on structured data in real time. (Amazon Web Services. 2010) Amazon Simple Storage Service that provides a fully redundant data storage infrastructure for storing and retrieving any amount of data, at any time, from anywhere on the Web. (Amazon Web Services. 2010) Utilized EC2 and S3 of the proposed system Our e-commerce website which will provide students with affordable text books will have the below EC2 and S3features: Instance type is a Standard Instance and this family of instances is well suited for most applications. At the start up of the business we will choose Small Instance (Default) 1.7 GB of memory, 1 EC2 Compute Unit (1 virtual core with 1 EC2 Compute Unit), 160 GB of local instance storage, 32-bit platform which will be more than enough at the first year of launce. Operating System: we will run the website on the Amazon Linux AMI Databases: we will run the website on Oracle Database Management System which is the most reliable and famous among DBMS. (Amazon Web Services. 2010) In the first year of the business launch, we will run the website utilizing EC2 and S3 by choosing the basic plans which are cost effective because at this time our online book store will still unknown and in its early stage and we need to focus our attention on marketing and promoting the website. At this stage, we will not consume a huge amount of data storage or data transfer bandwidth, so choosing basic plans of EC2 and S3 will be more than enough to run our business for its first year of launch. After the first or second year of the launch, if we notice the website is getting well known and we have thousands of users and sales transactions, we can decide and make a plan of expanding our EC2 CPU instance and S3 data storage which can be implemented easily in Amazon AWS without even service interruption. Figure Snapshot of Proposed EC2 Implementation Source: http://aws.amazon.com/ Figure Snapshot of Proposed Amazon S3 Features Source: http://aws.amazon.com/ Figure Snapshot of Proposed Amazon SimpleDB Source: http://aws.amazon.com/ Costs Associated With Utilizing EC2 and S3 Services The total implementation cost of our proposed business based on the selected plans of EC2, S3, and Amazon Simple DB is depicted in the figures below using Amazon AWS Simple Monthly Calculator Figure Estimates of Implementation Costs Source: http://aws.amazon.com/ Figure Costs of S3 Source: http://aws.amazon.com/ Conclusion Today Cloud Computing changed the way of IS with a complete shift from a desktop based model. The term Cloud Computing implies using the Cloud Infrastructure or Internet Based Shared Infrastructure to host and access critical business and personal applications. Typically it involves hosting applications and their corresponding data on shared servers on the Internet and accesses the applications through a browser. (Raghupathi, 2009) Amazon was smart to bet early and bet big on the cloud computing opportunity and has transformed the computing landscape and nurtured what is generically known as the cloud computing industry. By turning expensive storage and computing hardware into a billable service, it has opened up new vistas for entrepreneurs and made corporations rethink how they build and use their computing and storage resources. (Malik, 2010) Amazon gave the opportunity to thousands of individuals to have an affordable access to their full line of computing and web services with pay-as-you-go rule and without any contracts or agreements. Also costs are billed per consumption, so no one get charged while not using Amazons web services. Amazon has twelve AWS product lines, EC2 and S3 are the most services that compete in this subcategory. AWS essentially rents out IT infrastructure to companies that seek to outsource IT needs such as Application Hosting, Web Hosting, High Performance Computing, Storage, E-Commerce, and more. (Malik, 2010) Utilizing some of Amazons web services and cloud computing technologies we can manage to start up a effective and powerful business with an affordable monthly payment without a need to an expensive startup costs which result from buying PCs, servers, and other software applications which are critical components required for the operation of any new business. Figure Amazons Web Services Infrastructure awsplatformexplained.gif

OCeans :: essays research papers

Two-thirds of our planet is covered with oceans. The Pacific, the Atlantic, the Indian, and the Artic are the world's major oceans. They were formed by a series of geological processes that continue to affect the Earth. Seven main parts, called lithospheric plates, make up the Earth's mantle layer and crust. The plates fit together millions of years ago, and are constantly moving (at a slow pace-like a fingernail grows) over a layer of squishy, soft rock called asthenosphere that lies beneath the crust. Magma rises to fill the space when the two plates move away from each other to form an ocean. This is the way the ocean grows over millions of years. The ocean floor has an amazing landscape similar to dry land with huge mountains and deep valleys, slopes and plains, trenches and ridges. Through today's technology advances we are able to study the ocean deep and learn about it. The ocean is consistently moving. Its surface can change from calm and mirror like to wild and treacherous. Most waves at sea are caused by wind. The waves created the gales that blow during a tropical cyclone are 46ft and higher. The largest wave known to have been caused by the wind was 112ft high. Waves can also be created by volcanic eruptions. These waves are known at tsunamis. They are wide columns of water that reach down to the sea floor and can travel for great distances, at the speed of a jet plane. Colliding currents can also change the surface of the ocean. When the tide turns, the opposing currents meet and may create a whirlpool. Ocean currents are massive bodies of water that travel long distances around the world. Wind is the major force that creates currents. There are seven main ocean currents that move in large, circular streams at a walking pace. In the Northern Hemisphere currents move in a clockwise direction; in the Southern Hemisphere they are counterclockwise. Warm or cold water currents are carried by winds along the shorelines. This affects the climate of the various continents on the way. The current that carries warm water from the Caribbean Sea, up the east coast of the United Stated and then to the west coasts of Britain and Northern Europe is called the Gulf Stream. These areas would be much colder without the Gulf Stream. The "pull" of the moon and the sun also affect the ocean by causing the tides.

Monologue About Crimes

What are the most often commited crimes in Lithuania? Which types of crimes are considered the worst? Why? If you were the Minister of Justice, what actions would you take to make people feel safer? What sentences should be given for serious crimes? Nowadays our life isn’t safe. It seems that neither police, nor government can guarantee safety. Statistics shows that violent crimes at present have increased. So no one can live in peace and feel safe even in his own home. There are some of usually commited crimes in Lithuania such as drug trafficking, killing people, theft, alcoholism. All of this commited crimes mostly repeating actions is stealing of wealth. The light-fingered steals all, from flowers of windows to luxurious cars. Talking about vandalism, vandals usually are youngers. They broke small trees, windows and street’s lamps. I think that killing people is the worst type of crimes. Because when you kill people, you take out a life, and a big paint of victim familiar. If I were the Minister of Justice, I would take some actions that people feel more safer. Firstly, the only way to reduce the amount of crime is to give more money to the street lighting, to install closed circuit television, improve security and let more officers on the beat. If we want to protect our property, we must install burglar-alarm to our cars and especially to our homes, or even build in where an armoured doors. I think that for serious crimes such as murder, should be given sentence in prison till death penalty. All things considered, crime is very big problem existing all over the world. We must beware criminals. Nobody will protect you, unless yourself. Similar essay: Snatch Theft Essay

Ise Determination of Fluoride Content in Various Substances

ISE Determination of Fluoride Content in Various Substances CHM 222 – A 4 / 20 / 2007 Introduction:The ion selective electrode used was made up of a silver / silver chloride reference electrode and a glass electrode. The pH of the electrochemical cell is determined by monitoring the electrical potential difference between the half-cells. The glass electrode is an ion selective electrode (ISE), which only responds to the hydronium ion concentration / activity in a solution under a large range of conditions. In this experiment, we are measuring the fluoride ion concentration, which means our electrode responds to fluoride ion concentrations. Procedure And Data: |Standard Solutions | |Concentration (M) |Potential (mV) | |0. 9967 x 10-6 |15. 0 | |0. 9967 x 10-5 |1. 4 | |0. 9967 x 10-4 |-42. | |0. 9967 x 10-3 |-101. 1 | |0. 9967 x 10-2 |-160. 8 | |0. 9967 x 10-1 |-219. 0 | Unknown #6 was used for this lab group. It produced a potential difference of -196. 8 mV. This was then used in the equation derived from our standard solutions and found to have a [F-] = 0. 0618 M. Preparation of the toothpaste sample was done by a sonicator. Then, the electrical potential difference was measured again, just as in the standard solutions and unknowns. It was found to have a potential of -85. 6 mV. Inserted into the equation, [F-] = 3. 31 x 10-4 M. Calculations:See attached sheets. Results:Toothpaste [F-] = 3. 31 x 10-4 M Unknown #6 [F-] = 0. 0618 M Label Value in Toothpaste 0. 15% w/v Calculated Value in Toothpaste 0. 8 mg / g 0. 8 mg/g converted to w/v (g/100 mL) is approximately 0. 1144% w/v. In comparison with the label, the calculated error is found to be about -24%. A potential source of error could be found in the method of dissolving the toothpaste. There were a lot of bubbles formed, thus allowing for greater possibility of misreported volumes of solution. Also, the pH / V meter had difficulty settling on values during the standard measurements, which would alter the regression line. The ISAB seemed to work better with stronger concentrations of [F-], as the regression line fit better toward the latter part of the plot. However, the pH region seemed to be less important than the [F-] concentration.

Gentleman’s Three Case Analysis

Report on – The Overhead Reduction Task Force Submitted by K. Ratna prashanth 2012H149213P Introduction: Counterdrop Appliances division is formed six month earlier by Central foods after acquiring a successful company named Kitchen Help’s; in the kitchen appliances range, it had established a good market in this category. Kitchen Help had good quality but financial constraints in order to expand whereas Food Corporation wanted to diversify. After acquisition the company poured in a lot of resources in Kitchen Help including the plant facilities and the employees.As a result the sales of the company grew to a large extent initially. After that there was a sudden fall in the revenue and profits. This lead to the replacement of General Manager(John Pero to Georgia Dixton). She has decided to tackle this issue by the reduction in overhead expenses by 20 % in order to revive future profits. To attain this she has delegated this responsibility to Controller Larry Williams. L arry William has studied the financial implications and the people in the organisation and come to a decision of reduction in the 20% departmental payrolls. Problem Definition:The Kitchen Help is undergoing a severe decline in profits and revenue. Human resources have been recruited (Good numbers) by the earlier General manager Pero to solve this. Although the company has taken action that these resources do not hinder the progress, it has nearly constant sales revenue and same sales level it maintained for past three years. There is no growth in the revenue. There is a problem of decline in profits in the most promising product lines of the Kitchen Help. The Coffee maker which gave a 30% of total revenue and 35% profits has a decline in demand due to competitor’s better product.Their price is less than $35 and it makes a coffee of same taste. Also there is steep decline in the demand of the microwave product range which used to give a profit of 18%. With decline in the Profi ts and the sales volume remaining the same the resources like recruited Human resource and the expanded pant capacity has not paid off its returns. The sales manager also finds it complicated to coordinate with the national, local and wholesale aspects of the sales force. There is a need for coordination among the mangers of various units so that there does not remain a gap in resource requirement and its consumption.Analysis: ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Company poured in huge resources in the beginning of Kitchen help It purchased land and expanded plant facilities in order to meet the sales volume requirement. The number of employees in the division rose from 100 to 500. But the revenue volume remained the same and the profit level did not rise. On the contrary the company pays the sales force a 66% payroll of the Budget which is considerably high. ‘John pero freely added to their staff to meet delude in the orders of sale. This all is fine when there is a good volume and profits ar e being incurred. – This implies that there is currently no further need to recruit more people in sales force. Mort Burns, sales manager feels that sales force has a little impact on more independent appliance and hardware store owners who account for 15% of final demand. These are the entities not making profit. 20% of allocated budget to marketing is $1656000 whereas the number of employees is only 18. Investment in Prime time Advertisements and national campaigns has resulted in the huge budgeting. Payroll as percentage of budget is 10% which is $165600. There can be a 20% reduction in payrolls.Senior Staff where replaced by the new staff at Kitchen help, this has led to increase in sales volume temporarily but could not sustain the market condition and keep up the quality expectation. Introduction in the coffee maker section an innovative product was a competition to Kitchen Help’s existing product. It could make 10 cups coffee without change in taste. This was la cked by Product development team of Kitchen Help; who were working on it. 30% of division’s revenue and 35 % profit alone depended on this product earlier. The company should prioritise improvisation in this section.Williams’s analysis on financial trends says that discounts to large retailers rose from the year of acquisition. There is scope of making a 3% profit from the discounts given to retailers. Moreover the marketing and sales team has to make extra efforts to realise the revenue from the retail chains. Overhead expenses on sales force in this channel can be reduced which will facilitate reduction in marketing costs and increased administration overhead as well. Recommendation: ? Bob Ericson‘s team should come up with an improvised design to earliest which they were planning for the past 6 months.The Product and production team should decide and come up with a product better than competitors quality or ? ? should manufacture the same with a much better re duced price and design; i. e. less than $35. The company should concentrate on its wholesale and the national chains which are better sources of profit rather than the independent appliances and the hardware store owners. The cost to company should be cut down on non profit making entities and sales channel like independent products and hardware stores. The Overhead Cut off on these heads would result in profit and concentration on profit making channels.

Corporate Responsibility and Governance Assignment - 1

Corporate Responsibility and Governance - Assignment Example There are multiple constituents included within stakeholder theory, apart from staying inclined towards just shareholders. Multiple stakeholders existing within business environment are employees, government, suppliers, customers, financial institutions, shareholders, competitors, trade unions, public interest groups, legal institutions, etc (La Porta, Lopez-de-Silanes, Shleifer and Vishny, 2000). Corporate governance structure of Nestle indicates giving equal importance to all stakeholders. The board of directors are responsible for handling all stakeholders and undertaking combined business strategy. Compensation principles of Nestle Group are taken into consideration by board of directors. Total compensation of executives and board members are thoroughly reviewed by shareholders. Stakeholder theory clearly demonstrates that all stakeholders would be given equal importance for obtaining stabilized firm position. Nestle has its business operations spread across the globe. The compan y handles its extended business base by giving importance to all stakeholders. Board Members are responsible for compensation plans but it is also thoroughly reviewed by other team members. Long term business purpose of the firm is retained by considering team interests and then implementing them into realistic plans. Good governance codes can be stated as a set of rules followed by top management in order to accomplish corporate objectives. These codes comprise of best mechanism which are related to other stakeholders as well as board of directors. Effective governance principles are established through governance codes. Governance codes do not possess any such legal binding but are necessary to influence board of directors so that they are able to control behaviour of top management. An appropriate regulatory framework is maintained by Nestle so as to guide overall operations of board of directors. These codes for

Macroeconomics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 9

Macroeconomics - Essay Example atus as a quality manufacturer, but also need to make way for the financing of individual initiatives taken by small time entrepreneurs (Cohen & Beranek 4). Manufacturing has always constituted the real backbone of the American economy. Manufacturing particularly had a percolating impact on the American economy, which means that creation of one manufacturing job led to the creation of multiple associated jobs in the economy. There is no dearth of skilled and semi-skilled workers in the nation who are competent enough and willing to support a thriving indigenous manufacturing sector. However, the shift in the dynamics of American economy in the past few decades, turning America from a manufacturing centric to consumption centric economy, thereby allowing the firms to shift their manufacturing operations to low wage hubs like China and India, has really negatively impacted the health of the American economy (Moore 113). American manufacturing is not mainly about big manufacturing hubs, but rather a network of large manufacturing units, supported by a web of smaller ancillary units. Hence, no wonder a shifting of the thrust of manufacturin g operations to low wage Asian and Latin American countries, has weakened the overall framework of the American economy. As a beginning, President Obama should withdraw the tax and policy benefits to the corporations locating their manufacturing operations to low wage nations. When it comes to manufacturing, the restoration efforts not only need to be focused on the large manufacturing units, but rather also include the small manufacturers and businesses, which create jobs and sustain communities, while bolstering the overall fabric of the economy. The other thing is that since many large corporations have shifted their manufacturing operations overseas, this has created the opportunity and scope for many small time manufacturers that compensate for the dearth for resources by imbuing their products with the attention to detail and

Spanglish Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Spanglish - Term Paper Example This aspect of Spanglish is also properly discussed in the paper. Spanglish and its History Spanglish is one of the most common languages among the Hispanic Americans. It is nothing but a mixture of English and Spanish. According to Oxford English Dictionary, Spanglish can be described as â€Å"a type of Spanish contaminated by English words and forms of expression, spoken in Latin America† (Lipski, John M. â€Å"Is â€Å"Spanglish† the third language of the South?: truth and fantasy about U. S. Spanish†). The word ‘Spanglish’ was first used by Salvador Tio who was a Puerto Rican journalist. In 1952, Tio used this term in a newspaper article. Quite expectedly many consider him as the creator of this word. Some of the articles that were written by Tio in early days contained few Spanglish words which are humorous in nature. However, most of those words were not used later. As a result initially there was some confusion regarding legitimate examples of Spanglish. Apart from Tio there are experts like Nash and Fairclough who tried to gain insight into this language (Lipski, John M. â€Å"Is â€Å"Spanglish† the third language of the South?: truth and fantasy about U. S. Spanish†). At present, Spanglish is considered as one of common languages especially in the places like Los Angeles where a major section of the population is ‘Hispanic’. ... Some of the Spanglish sentences are found to be Spanish dominated whereas some are mostly English in nature. Over the last two decades, use of Spanglish has increased significantly with the increase in the number of people who are migrated from Latin American countries to United States. English has collided with Spanish on a regular basis in workplaces, retail stores and classrooms (Castro, Janice. & Cook, Dan. â€Å"Language: Spanglish Spoken Here†). Such collisions between two of the most respected languages in the world has developed the growth track of Spanglish. The unique language is found to be very popular among the young people in United States. According to, Ilan Stavans who is an expert of Latino culture, Spanglish is a â€Å"jazzy and a very creative way of being Latino in the U.S. today† (Thomas, Jeffrey. â€Å"Spanglish Offers Stepping-Stone to English†). Stavans is a self-declared promoter and admirer of Spanglish who has defined the language as â €Å"the verbal encounter between Hispano and Anglo civilizations† (Lipski, John M. â€Å"Is â€Å"Spanglish† the third language of the South?: truth and fantasy about U. S. Spanish†). Spanglish and Media Globalization In America people who speak in Spanglish are those who have enough knowledge of Spanish but follow American culture. They use clipped and shorter phrases rather than using longer and graceful expressions. Such style is found to be very much suitable in America where ‘time is money’ (Castro, Janice. & Cook, Dan. â€Å"Language: Spanglish Spoken Here†). Most importantly Spanglish speaking people in US are likely to have the spending power of almost 200 billion dollar. As a result, many companies are eager to make the best out of this huge market. It is found that