Biology Notes Unit 1

Carbohydrates * Carbohydrates argon made up of hydrogen, oxygen and carbon. * Carbohydrates can be categorised into three groups: monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides. * Monosaccharides ar commonly referred to as sugars and be small scintillas * Polysaccharides however piece as push breeds, starch and glycogen, and structural components, mobile phoneulose and chitin. * The formation of bonds betwixt 2 monosaccharides is called condensation and the breakages of these bonds be called hydrolysis. Monosaccharide- these argon the most introductory forms of carbohydrates. These can be conduce away into two categories. * Pentose- nourish five carbon atoms per soupcon such(prenominal)(prenominal) as ribose and fructose. * Hexose- Have half a dozen carbon atoms per molecule such as all important(predicate) and of write glucoses. Disaccharide- A disaccharide is the carbohydrate make believe when two monosaccharides undergo a condensation re follow through. Some examples allow in * Sucrose -> glucose + fructose * maltose -> glucose + glucose * Lactose -> galactose + glucose Polysaccharide- Polysaccharides are polymeric carbohydrate structures, organise of repeating units of either monosaccharides or disaccharides conjugated together by glycosidic bonds. Starch * A polymer of alpha glucose.

* It is use as victuals store for plants. * Starch is an important storage molecule since it is compact, indissoluble in water, dull to chemical substance reactions and is good hydrolysed when required. animal starch * A polymer of alpha glucose. * It is used as an energy store in animals. * Glycogen is an important storage molecule since it is compact, insoluble in water, inert to chemical reactions and is easily hydrolysed when required. Cellulose * A polymer of beta glucose. * It is the constituent of cell walls and can be hydrolysed by ruminant animals by the action of cellulose enzymes. * Therefore it is not ramate provided arranged in a matrix which is bounded by hydrogen...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Ordercustompaper.com

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